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The stress associated with diabetes and hypertension. the role of antioxidants

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Lifestyles of the people have changed dramatically in recent years and has always increased the risk of diabetes and hypertension.

Views 1.1 GENERAL
The cause of most diseases can be listed, but the factors that increase the effect of the disease can typically be analyzed. People of different backgrounds have different lifestyles that can contribute positively or negatively to their health (Apochi, 2004) A big question is: "How people manage stress," and "How many times do people eat fruit and vegetables" Stress increases substantially the level of sugar blood sugar are among the basic molecule of energy storage in the body (Raven & Johnson, 1996). Imperative, how many times people go for review Medical? Is the environment for our life and we have considered the environmental risk factors responsible for diseases such as diabetes and hypertension? While medicine, hectic lifestyle, the type of food, environmental conditions, habits and could be major factor associated with hypertension, diabetes and many other infections. Given the genetics of diabetes and hypertension can be ignored, since most of the disease may be hereditary (www.bhf.org.uk).
A simple questionnaire that contains information that will help a statistical analysis simple will "race", an assumption about whether what causes diabetes, hypertension, stress and the effect of antioxidants on these issues. Antioxidants are found mainly in fruits and vegetables that help in reducing oxidative stress, which can also be linked to both hypertension and diabetes (Health Monitor, 2006).

Purpose of this compilation data
The data collection is to facilitate the processing and obtaining information leading to the development of a hypothesis related to life style, eating habits, stress-related hypertension and diabetes are linked and / or genetically inherited diabetes and hypertension, the most effective role of antioxidants or antioxidant principle in reducing these emissions. The information on genetics as being in contradiction with the causes of hypertension and diabetes compared to collection of physical data and correlation of these data to the selection of a link or the actual cause of diabetes and hypertension among workers adults.
The facts have been extracted from Victoria Island, Ikeja and Gbagada, bankers, businessmen, doctors, nurses, workers insurance business, men and women in business and gave more information on lifestyle in relation to their problems health. A little controversy, the people of the two angles (diabetes, hypertension and non-diabetic and hypertensive) gave similar information about your lifestyle and living conditions. But with the help of statistical analysis that we can reach a simple conclusion and assumptions on this issue.

1.2 HYPERTENSION
The experts know that there are many different factors are associated with hypertension, but experts do not yet understand the exact cause.

The factors related to hypertension include:
Aging
Drinking alcohol more than 2 drinks per day for men and more than one glass of alcohol per day for women.
Consuming large amounts of sodium salt
Overweight or obese
Hypercholesterolemia
Not exercising
Being under stress.
A diet low in potassium, magnesium and calcium
Being resistant to insulin.

In the generality of this, blood pressure is a measure of force which applies the blood on the walls of arteries as it flows through them. It is normal to increase blood pressure when he himself exercised or when you feel depressed or anxious. But if your blood pressure is consistently higher than normal at rest, that hypertension pressure, also known as hypertension. Statistics noted that 3 in 10 adults has hypertension in the United Kingdom. It is much more common in Seniors: 7 out of 10 in 70 have high blood pressure (www.bpassoc.org.uk). In Gbagada, Victoria Island and Ikeja know the speed at which people have hypertension.

The blood is normally pumped through the body by the heart, bearing the oxygen and nutrients. Following the pumping action of the heart and the size and flexibility of the arteries that carry blood, the blood pressure. This pressure is an essential and normal way the body work.

Hypertension develops if:
The layer of arterial walls lose their elasticity and become rigid.
Small blood vessels constrict (ww.bhf.org.uk)
It is important for people to check medical blood pressure regularly. It is very dangerous if mishandled. How can it be controlled if it is No proof that you know, state your blood pressure? However, blood pressure is measured by a monitor called a sphygmomanometer. This a digital receiver connected to a tube with a cuff at the end. The cuff is placed around the arm and inflated to a certain level, then deflated slowly. A sensor in the cuff provides information on blood pressure or a doctor or nurse will listen to blood flow with a stethoscope. The result is expressed in two numbers, such as 120/80 mm GH (one hundred twenty millimeters Mercury eighty "). The top number is a systolic blood pressure: A measure of the pressure when the heart muscle is contracting and pumping blood. This is the maximum pressure in your bloodstream. The figure the lowest is the diastolic pressure is the pressure between heart beats when the heart is resting and filling with blood. This is minimum pressure in their blood system. If you have diabetes is even more important that your blood pressure is lower that, ideally under 130/80mmh.

Types of blood pressure
Hypertension and secondary hypertension.
Hypertension More than 9 out of 10 people with hypertension blood pressure have what is called primary or essential hypertension. This means that there is no obvious cause only her. As I said before the exact cause of hypertension is not understood. It is known that certain factors related to lifestyle can help (Olayinka, 2003).
Secondary Hypertension: About 1 in 20 people with blood pressure are in "secondary hypertension". This means that your state may be related to a recognized cause in May in fact be a symptom of another underlying disease or factor such as:
Kidney disease
Diseases Endocrine
The narrowing of the aorta
Steroid drugs
The contraceptive pill
The pregnancy, which can cause pre-eclampsia.
You may also need some tests to see if blood pressure is to have an effect on the rest of your body. These may include:
A urinalysis (protein in urine can be the first sign of kidney problems).
A blood test to check your cholesterol and sugar blood and the condition of your kidneys.
An electrocardiogram (ECG), recording electrical changes in your heart.

Monitoring
24 hours ambulatory monitoring. You may have 24 hours test to measure your blood pressure for 24 hours.
Treatment
Some blood pressure high can not be treated as aggressively, but regular monitoring is important. If you have severe hypertension, you may need to go to hospital for treatment. But it is more likely that you assisted by a nurse. (www.bpassoc.org.uk, www.bhf.org.uk)

1.3 THE DIABETES
Diabetes mellitus occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough or any of the hormone insulin or when the insulin produced does not work effectively. In diabetes, which makes the blood glucose level is too high. Diabetes can also be Seen in this light: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia (Dorman, 2004).
There are two common forms of diabetes, this are the type of diabetes and diabetes type two, and were originally called insulin-dependent and non insulin dependent diabetes, respectively.
In type 1 diabetes the cells of the pancreas that produce insulin are destroyed, causing a severe lack of insulin. Believed to be the Following the body attacks and destroys its own cells in the pancreas – known as an autoimmune reaction. We do not know why this happens, but a series of explanations and possible triggers of this reaction have been proposed. These include:
Infection with a virus or bacteria;
Exposure to chemical toxins in food – and office
The exhibition as a very young child with milk from cows, as when an unknown what triggers the autoimmune response in the body.
However, these are only hypotheses and the cause was not proved. Type 2 diabetes is thought to develop when: The receptor cells in the body that normally respond to insulin action is not stimulated by it – this is called insulin resistance. In response to what may produce more insulin, and this excess production depletes the manufacture of insulin cells in the pancreas, there is simply insufficient insulin is available, and insulin that is available may be abnormal, so it does not work correctly.
Risk factors increase the chances of someone Diabetes Type 2:

Increasing age;
Obesity and
Physical inactivity.
Rare causes of diabetes are:
Some drugs;
Pregnancy (gestational diabetes), and
Any illness or disease that damages the pancreas and affects its ability to produce insulin eg pancreatitis.
This does not cause diabetes?
In the case of this research can not know what may cause diabetes and diabetes easier. Many scientists believe that eating sweets or the wrong kind of food does not cause diabetes, obesity, but in its place. However, according to our results, obesity is associated with people developing diabetes type two. Other yet also believe that stress does not cause diabetes, although it may be a trigger for the body turns on itself as in the case of type 1 diabetes. This is the case, however, exacerbate symptoms for those who already have diabetes.
Diabetes is not contagious. A person with diabetes can not give it to someone else (Hicks, 2004).

What causes diabetes? It is believed that some drugs may lead to the cause of diabetes. Drugs such as steroids, Dilantin, and others may elevate the blood sugar through a variety of mechanisms. Some drugs, such as alloxan, streptozocin, and thiazide diuretics, are toxic to pancreatic beta cells and can cause diabetes. Some syndromes (eg Prader-Willi, Down, Progeria, and Turner) can lead to hyperglycemic state if this state continues, Diabetes results may be permanent. (Guthrie, 2003).
Results of diabetes in insulin-dependent diabetes status is classified type 1. While Type 1 diabetes affects between 5 to 10 per cent of the diabetic population, its effects on the body can not be worse than other forms of diabetes. In the past, type 1 has been called juvenile diabetes or juvenile diabetes (because it is usually diagnosed in people under thirty years), unstable diabetes, unstable diabetes, ketosis and diabetic risk. People in this classification most commonly presented symptoms conventional, usually with ketones in the blood and urine. A level of blood sugar of 800 mg / dL (44 mmol) or more, especially if ketones are not present, indicates a diagnosis of nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (a condition where the body is very dry (dehydration), product chemical in the body are concentrated, and the blood sugar is high). As mentioned above, diabetes is a syndrome or disease group (rather as a disease), which, with the state of prolonged hyperglycemia. Type 1 is more associated with the death of beta cells, usually by the own immune system of the body. Either the immune system can not kill an infectious agent, which then kills the beta cells or immune system itself is "savage" attack on body tissues and destruction of beta cells. The cells of islets of Langerhans are inflamed, resulting from an infectious disease process (eg, mumps), or more commonly, an autoimmune disease (allergy to self) response.
The results of the autoimmune process in circulating antibodies which may cause or be caused by the death of beta cells. If it is found that antibodies cause destruction of beta cells (the body fight against what is now regarded as alien to itself), the reaction body Diabetes Type 1 is much less severe (ie, easier to control) with treatment. Until then, the result is a lack of insulin available. Although the home is soon told, the changes resulting from the reduced availability of insulin may have occurred over a long period of time. In summary, the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an inherited defect of the immune system of the body, destroying cells producing insulin from pancreatic beta. (Guthrie and Guthrie, 2003).

1.4 diabetes-related stress
Stress, both physical and mentally, you can send your blood sugar in the blood outside (control Nelson, 2004).
It is difficult to deny that most of We live life at breakneck speed. It is the nature of a rapidly changing society, where large family, social obligations and working can easily dominate your time and valuable resources. But the stress of people with diabetes, both physically and emotionally can take a more Many health care (Nazario, 2004).
It is a simple biological phenomenon that stress when a person is suffering, people pressure increases the sugar. During stress hormones like adrenaline (a substance produced by the medulla (inside) of the adrenal gland. Name of epinephrine was invented in 1898 by the pharmacist and physiological (biochemist) John Jacob Abel) and (cortisol, the primary stress hormone. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid major natural (GC) in humans) becomes active as its main function, among others, is to raise the level of blood sugar, which contributes to strengthening energy when needed. Emotional and physical trauma that takes these hormones function as they are designed to help you when you're stressed. It Obviously they want to give energy to fight against the cause of this stress, but the adverse effect becomes prominent. People without diabetes have compensatory mechanisms to maintain blood glucose levels swing out of control. But in people with diabetes, the mechanisms are absent or attenuated can not take away from the glucose, said (David, 2004). When sugar levels in blood are not well controlled with diet and / or drugs, it is at increased risk of health complications, including blindness, kidney problems and nerve damage leading to numbness foot, which can cause serious injury and difficult to cure infections. Prolonged high blood sugar is also a predecessor of cardiovascular diseases, which increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
In diabetes, either by an absolute lack of insulin, such as diabetes Type 1, or a relative lack of insulin, such as type 2, not enough insulin to cope with these hormones, it raises the level of sugar in the blood (Richard, 2004).
Anything that disturbs and going through a break or be fired, certainly emotionally. Being on the flu or suffering a urinary tract infection, imposes constraints on the physical body. Usually these stressors in the long term that its tax system and affect much more significant levels of sugar in the blood. Since stress has almost become a lifestyle, not noticing that you're exhausted. Many people identify stressors such as illness in the family (something big), but can not recognize the holiday stress or hectic time at work (something smaller or shorter).

1.5 Stress related hypertension.
Reducing stress can help reduce blood pressure. Stress is a normal part of life. But too much stress can lead to emotional even psychological and physical problems – including heart disease, hypertension pressure, chest pain or irregular heartbeats. When exposed to long periods of stress, your body gives warning signs that something is wrong. These physical signs warning cognitive, emotional and conduct should not be ignored. I say it is necessary reduce speed. If you continue to be stressed and do not give your body a break may develop health problems. Also can aggravate existing disease. (Curtis, 2007)
If stress itself is a risk factor for heart disease may be due to stress chronically exposed his body to the poor, the persistence of high levels of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. Research has linked stress also changes in the formation of blood clots as well, which increases the risk of heart attack.
1.6 GENETICS AND DIABETES
a type of diabetes is of the opinion that diabetes can be next to links hereditary and other possible cause. For families who are studying the first-degree relatives have an increased risk of developing one type of diabetes than those not related to the general population (about 6% cons <1%, respectively) (Dorman and Bunker, 2000). These data suggest that genetic factors are involved in disease development. Currently, there is evidence that more than 20 regions of the genome may be involved in genetic susceptibility to diabetes type one. However, none of the identified candidates have a greater influence on a type of diabetes risk conferred by genes in the HLA region on chromosome 6. This region contains several hundreds of genes known to be involved in the response immune 4. The most strongly associated with the disease are HLA class II (ie HLA-DR, DQ, and DP). IDDM1. The HLA class II, also known as name IDDM1 contribute about 40-50% of genetic risk for T1D (Hirschhorn et al., 2003).
Diabetes Type II: It has long been known that two types diabetes is partly hereditary. Family studies have shown that first-degree relatives of people with type II diabetes are about 3 times more likely to develop the disease than those without family history of disease (Flores et al., 2003, Hansen, 2003; Gloyne 2003). Also demonstrated that the concordance rate among monozygotic twins, who are between 60-90%, significantly higher than dizygotic twins. Therefore, it is clear that diabetes type two has a strong genetic component. An approach that is used to identify genes for susceptibility to disease is based on identifying gene ndidat AC (B arros O et al. 2 0 0 3; tumvoll S, 2 0 0 4). C ar d gene ELIGIBLE elected for staggered email AR d ty, but are involved in pancreatic cell function of c ² L, insulin, n actio n / glucose metabolism E, or sufficient – condition Metaboli CTP st tha and increasing or e Dia TW bete s SKS RI (eg energy consumption and expenditure, lipid metabolism). To date, over 50 candidate genes for Diabetes type II has been studied in several populations worldwide.
However, the results of virtually all candidate genes have been contradictory. Possible explanations for conflicting results include small samples, differences in susceptibility to type II diabetes among ethnic groups, changes in environmental exposures, interactions between genes and environment. Due to the current controversy, this review Wil lfs ONL OCU and faith of a W or T e we e. g promisin candidate gene Hes T ey including e ³ PPAR, ABCC 8 KCNJ 1 1, A d CALPN 1 0.

LS Evera yp tw e T or diabetes usceptibilit Enes s S and G

Relativ e RR = risk
PPEWU ³ proliferation (peroxisome and – activate receptors D – ³) U. T hi GEN Studie SN Widell has bee and D are ecaus is important to you in a d D LIPI adipocyte metabolism. In addition, a targe t hypoglycaemic drug ERCS e know n as thiazolidinediones. O ne of th e-mail PPAR gene M ³ (P ro) s insulin, increased sensitivity ds ny TW or T yp e Diabe your risk by several folds. Perhaps more Importantly, this variant is very common in most of the population. Approximately 98% of Europeans carry at least one copy of the allele Pro Therefore, it is likely that constitute a significant proportion (~ 25%) of type II diabetes that occurs, especially among Caucasians.
The maturity onset diabetes of the young: a rare form of T2DM (representing less than 5% of cases of T2DM) usually occurs before age 25 is Mody. MODY is characterized by a slow evolution of symptoms, absence obesity, non-ketosis, and no sign of autoimmunity to beta cells. It is usually administered without the need for insulin exogenous. MODY fashion shows autosomal dominant, usually covering three generations (Stride and Hattersley, 2002).

1.7 GENETICS AND HYPERTENSION
Scientists at the University of Virginia and Georgetown University in Washington, DC, have identified three gene variants in the kidney indicate that the most common type of hypertension. Their findings, the result of "18 years of" cooperation between the two schools are allow the development of medical evidence first prediction of blood pressure, according to an article published in the March 19 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Researchers report that these genetic variations, either alone or through interaction with other gene variations are associated to essential hypertension in several populations: Whites of America, Ghana and Japan. The presence of these genetic variants, also called polymorphisms, can be determined by a simple genetics test to assess the individual risk of developing high blood pressure (hypertension). The test is based on the detection of genetic variation that encodes a protein called G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4). GRK4 variations are associated with the inability to remove sodium from the body. This discovery led to a high test Quality must be adapted to detect a large number of patients based on a fluorescent molecular beacon, and help doctors in the diagnosis of genetic forms of hypertension, (Robin, 2002).
Genetic information revealed by the new test will doctors to advise patients with a family history of hypertension who want to know if they should change their lifestyle to prevent the debilitating consequences such as kidney failure, heart failure, stroke, blindness, or blood pressure high (Felder, 2002).
Essential hypertension – a type that classifies 50 percent of hypertension – affects 25 percent of the population adult world and is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure and kidney. Although scientists believed that this condition is hereditary, determine the genetic cause of essential hypertension before was difficult because the pressure results blood concentration of a combination of hereditary and environmental factors.
Patients with a maximum variation only GRK4 has a lifetime risk significant for developing hypertension, said Dr. Peter A. Joseph, Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology and Biophysics Georgetown University and lead author of the newspaper article. We have identified genetic defects that cause this error and if we have a better idea of the impact of Genetic variation in the development of hypertension in three different racial groups.
Identifying the cause of hypertension should lead to better medical treatment for the disease, but scientists believe is really true?

1.8 PRINCIPLES THE ANTIOXIDANT diabetes and hypertension

Very simply, an antioxidant that is something that prevents or retards oxidation. This can be very beneficial to health such as cholesterol in our body is not necessarily harmful until it is oxidized, leading to start clinging to our blood vessels which, as you know can lead to serious health problems related heart. Antioxidants can help prevent this and therefore make a positive contribution to your overall health and general physical (Gorman, 2003)
Have you had your lycopene today? If you ate a green salad with fresh chopped tomatoes, then you not only a good dose of This powerful antioxidant, but have also taken significant steps to reduce blood pressure.
A recent double blind study conducted in Israel has confirmed what the Italians have enjoyed healthy home for centuries – tomatoes (and tomato sauce) lower blood pressure and risk heart disease (Parana, 2007). Tomatoes are so effective in lowering blood pressure because they contain lycopene. This powerful antioxidant is always center of some hybrid tomatoes tomato company processed in Nigeria (Gino tomato).
Long-Term Antioxidant Intervention Improves Myocardial Microvascular function in experimental hypertension (Martin, 2003). Hypertension increases oxidative stress, which can impair myocardial microvascular function and integrity. However, it remains unclear whether long-term intervention of antioxidants in early hypertension would preserve myocardial perfusion and answers vascular permeability to challenge. Pigs were studied after 12 weeks of renovascular hypertension without (n = or with a daily supplementation of antioxidants (100 IU / kg vitamin E and 1 g vitamin C, n = 6) and compared with normal controls (n = 7). Myocardial perfusion and microvascular permeability were measured in vivo by CT electron beam before and after 2 cardiac challenges (adenosine intravenously and dobutamine). Basal musculature of the left ventricle was also obtained. Mean arterial pressure was significantly higher in both groups of hypertensive animals (without and with antioxidants, 123 ± 9 and 126 ± 4 mm Hg, respectively, compared to normal, 101 ± 4 mm Hg, both p <0.05), but muscle mass did not differ between groups. Decreased response to adenosine myocardial perfusion observed in hypertensive patients (normal, 51 ± 14%, p <0.05 versus baseline, hypertension, 14 ± 15%, P = 0.3 compared to values initial) was preserved in hypertensive pigs that received antioxidants (44 ± 15%, p = 0.01 compared to baseline). Intervention anti-oxidant in the long term also preserved subendocardial microvascular permeability responses in hypertension. In addition, the antioxidant response had little effect on hypertension induced by myocardial vascular dysfunction observed in response to dobutamine. This study shows that infusion myocardial impairment and permeability responses to increased cardiac demand in early hypertension are significantly improved Long-term antioxidant intervention. These results confirm the involvement of oxidative stress myocardial vascular dysfunction in hypertension and suggest a potential role for antioxidant strategies to preserve the myocardial microcirculation. (Krier et al, 2003).
Most people who eat much food as fast food and other food sources rich in sugars, carbohydrates and fats processed, contain very low levels of antioxidants. In addition to being low in antioxidants, these facts raise your cholesterol level, which can cause serious health problems that pose a serious risk health. (Heath Monitor, 2006).

1.9 ASSUMPTIONS
H0: Stress is not linked to hypertension
H1: The stress associated to hypertension
H0: Stress is not linked to diabetes
H1: The stress associated with diabetes
H0: antioxidant can not stop hypertension
H1: antioxidants may reduce hypertension
H0: antioxidant diabetes can not stop
H1: Antioxidants Diabetes May slow
H0: High blood pressure is not hereditary
H1: High blood pressure is hereditary
H0: Diabetes is not hereditary
H1: The Diabetes is hereditary

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 MATERIALS

The main materials used are: a detailed questionnaire and data analysis software. Both materials are very effective in processing information for statistical analysis. Organic raw data can be mathematically analyzed, calculated and verified a great success. Different people have different beliefs and principles, but, for example, believed to be reasonable assumptions and tested.

2.1 EXAMINATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS
H0: Stress is not linked to hypertension
H1: The stress associated with hypertension
H0: Stress is not associated with diabetes
H1: The stress associated with diabetes
H0: antioxidant can not stop hypertension
H1: antioxidants may reduce hypertension
H0: antioxidant diabetes can not stop
H1: A NTIOXIDANTS can stop diabetes
H0: no hereditary hypertension
H1: High blood pressure is hereditary
H0: Diabetes is not hereditary
H1: Diabetes is hereditary

2.2 Data Collection (questionnaire)
The research data are made based on answers respondents questions. There are several types of data and settings of nonparametric data, the first is in numerical values, while the second is the type that I am applying to this research is nominal or ordinal, such as gender, age, nationality and more (Oludotun, 2007). Treatment information data, while a questionnaire is a form of mechanism for obtaining information, the data processed and people's opinions on certain subjects. Questionnaires have a number of advantages and disadvantages compared to other assessment tools. The main strengths and weaknesses of the questionnaires are summarized in bullet points below. In general, questionnaires are effective mechanisms for collecting effective for certain types of information. There are, however, an average overall score and should be used to support and complement other assessment procedures and improving research therefore evaluation software is also used in this investigation as indicated above.
2.3 Advantages of questionnaires:
Allow respondents time to carefully consider their responses without interference from, for example, the interviewer, A.
Cost: It is possible to provide questionnaires to a large number of people simultaneously.
Uniformity: Each respondent received the identical set of questions. Closed form of questions, responses are standardized, they can assist in the interpretation a large number of respondents.
It may involve many issues and questions of interest in a relatively efficient with the possibility a high response rate.
Often, questionnaires are designed so that responses to questions are recorded and the scores are summed to obtain a general measure of attitudes and opinions of the accused.
May be sent to respondents if this strategy can reduce the response rate.
They allow anonymity. It is generally argued that anonymity increases the response rate and may increase the likelihood that the answers reflect the true opinions.
The answers are contained in a standardized way, so that the questionnaires are more objective, certainly more than the interviews.
In general, it is relatively quick to raise questions in a questionnaire.
Potential information can be obtained from a large part of a group. This is often not realized that the return of questionnaires are usually low. However, rates of return can be significantly improved if the questionnaire is delivered and responded in time.

2.4 DISADVANTAGES QUESTIONNAIRES
The questionnaires, including methods of assessment have been many after the event so that participants may forget important issues.
Questionnaires are standardized so that it can not explain the points in the questions that participants might misinterpret. This could be partly solved by the conduct of the questions on a small group of people or at least friends and colleagues. It is advisable to do this any way.
Open questions can generate large amounts of data may take longer to process and analyze. One way of limiting the limit space available for students so that answers are concise and sample population and the survey that some of them.
Respondents May superficial answer, especially if the questionnaire takes considerable time to complete.
People may be unwilling to meet questions. You may not want to disclose information or who may think they do not receive the answer may be open before giving their true opinion. People need to say why the information is collected and how the results will be beneficial. Should be invited to answer honestly and said that if his answer is negative, it is also useful as a more positive view.

2.5 Location TO
Locations considered: Ikeja, Gbagada, Victoria Island. These zones are industrial and residential areas. Most people in these areas have different lifestyles and different ways addressing health issues.

2.6 Categories PEOPLE IN ORDER
People who take taxis to work, take some vehicles Private buses and even bicycles. Many spend much time in traffic, and even spend much time at work.
2.7 Method PROCESSING DATA

There are many methods used in the analysis of these statistics include research and survey design are the two methods used. The software used in the analysis of data collected in the survey is the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Based on the fact that data collected by the questionnaire are non parametric analysis in the first percentile, mean, median and mode. On the other hand a correlation between information related to forged from the questionnaire data and chi square symmetrical as shown by the rank correlation of Pearson and Spearman to produce effective results to see if the null hypothesis is accepted or the alternative hypothesis is accepted.
CHAPTER THREE

3.0 RESULTS

The questionnaires were collected and analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), they were reported as a percentile, the average information and modes of transportation that best correlated with the cross-tabulation test Chi square measure and so symmetrical. The result shows that diabetes increases the stress and hypertension. Antioxidants reduce the effect of diabetes and diabetes and hypertension are inherited.

3.1 Section A: Data bio —
The three locations (Gbagada, Victoria Island and Ikeja) are merged into a table represents the information (amount of fashion) and percentage. The tables below are the results of data fusion from Gbagada, Victoria Island Ikeja and based on some questions in the questionnaire.

Table 1: Age of respondent

Table 1 shows 56.3% workers fell into the category most lower age, while 43.8% fell into the highest category of age 18-25 and 26-33, respectively.

Table 2: Marital status

In Table 2, a large number of respondents were single (94.9%), while others were married or divorced.

Table 3: Nature of Work

Table 3 shows the type of respondents had jobs more people in white collar jobs.

Table 4: family history of hypertension

Table 4 shows that many people with hypertension had traces of family members who were hypertensive.

Table 5: Family history of diabetes

Table 5, 12% were considered valid for diabetics mark on their family.

Table 6: Distance to spot work shows valid for 30.4 per cent of people living far from their workplace.

Terms Table 7: Roads

Board 7 found that 51.7% will work on bad roads.

Table 8: Length of time in traffic everyday

The Table 8 shows a high percent of workers spend about 2 hours in traffic.

Table 9: Transport System in the workplace

Table 9 shows that 43.8 go to work by bike, 36.9 to work in private vehicles, commercial buses 1,1.

3.3 Section C: Use Fruits and Vegetables

Table 10: Respondents cooking and eating vegetables outside the town in foods

Table 10, 62.5% against 29.5% of respondents are eating vegetables out of town in foods.
Table 11: Respondents tend to eat fruit

Table 11 shows that the high frequency of respondents eating fruit.
Correlation / cross-tabulation parameters studied by hypothesis. Examples of cross connection showed 13 complaints that the 35 were hypertensive, which spent about 2 hours in traffic while 10 of the 34 defendants were hypertensive spend less time on the road, namely stress may worsen diabetes.
For diabetes most people who spend more time at work do not respond well to treatment. Chi-square is 0.508, which gave more than 0.05 accepts the hypothesis alternative. The results show that antioxidants slow the diabetes and hypertension, 54 respondents, 17 were hypertensive and eat plants sufficient but 37 people of 54 interviewed are not hypertensive, but eat enough vegetables. More defendant had parents who were hypertensive and diabetic.

Table 12: effect of stress in hypertensive patients

CASESCORRELATED QUESTIONSVALIDMISSINGTOTALNPERCENTNPERCENTNPERCENTTRAFFICADURATION time spent on daily traffic * Are you hypertensive? 10760.8% 6939.2% 176,100 BDURATION% of time spent in traffic everyday * The last time you reviewed BLOOD PRESSURE? 11,364.2% 6335.8% 176,100% CDURATION daily time spent in transit * type of medication (s)? 12068.2% 5631.8% 176,100% dDuration The daily time spent Transit * All better? 13878.4% 3821.6% 176,100% WORKEDAILY time at work * hypertension? 10861.4% 6838.6% 176,100% FDAILY time at work * Verify blood pressure? 11263.6% 6436.4% 176,100 Time at work GDAILY% * TYPE OF DRUG USED5631.8% 12,068.2% 176,100% HDAILY time at work * All better? 13878.4% 3821.6% 176,100%

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Analysis

The stress level in the days of our fathers, compared to the current way of life is relatively low.
Increased mental and physical stress of blood sugar which, turn increases the pressure of blood against the walls of blood vessels. When the rate or speed of pumping blood from the heart in the body increases steadily below are sensitive to blood pressure (Olayinka, 2003). Primary hypertension is more common, nearly nine out of ten people suffering from primary hypertension. Virtually no obvious cause.
Secondary hypertension is more critical one in twenty people who are suffering, the cause may be linked to other diseases underlying (www.bhf.org.uk). We have shown that people who spent 10 hours of work may trigger or exacerbate the incidence of hypertension. Poor working conditions and time in the movement also triggered the incidence of hypertension. We can show that 2% of hypertensive patients and spent less than 30 minutes in traffic, while about 3% of hypertensive patients spent approximately 2 hours in traffic. These facts prove that stress leads to hypertension.
A large percentage of people with essential hypertension genetic abnormalities peripheral arteries (arterioles) – the small arteries that supply blood to the tissues. This genetic defect causes the artery walls rigid, for greater resistance to blood flowing through them. (www.medicinenet.com).
A greater number of people with hypertension have family with high blood pressure (13 of 21 respondents have parents who are hypertensive are hypertensive in the result). Genetic factors may contribute to an estimated thirty per cent of cases of essential hypertension (high blood pressure cause unknown). In the United States, blood pressure is more common among African Americans than among whites or Asian Americans. Adult African American men are more likely to develop hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The reason remains unknown African men, especially because adult Americans have very low blood pressure. One of the factors associated with hypertension is the sodium salt, which was previously located. Some scientists believe that black American adults suffer from hypertension may be related to the era of the slave trade when they have passed the point of view they were affected by the concentration of salt. This is only a hypothesis. (www.webmd.com).
Diabetes is primarily in two forms, except for Other types of secondary but important, as MODY: diabetes in young and more mature (Dorman, 2004). Diabetes mellitus is also called the type of diabetes is when all the cells responsible for insulin production was completely destroyed by the immune system's own body, non-insulin-dependent diabetes also known as type two diabetes is when the receptors responsible for stimulation of insulin-producing cells is also called insulin resistance. This excess in response to insulin, over time the cell loses the ability to produce enough insulin to control blood sugar. Cortisol and adrenaline are activated to produce excess sugar for energy when a person encounters stress (Health Surveillance, 2006). When not enough insulin to control blood sugar, diabetes is worse (McElroy, 2007). It has been clearly shown that under certain stressful lifestyles were diabetics with poor response to treatment, which is another important link between stress and diabetes (1.1% of them had spent hours in traffic did not respond to treatment of diabetes 0.44% cons of those spent less time in traffic jams). Stress aggravates diabetes, even if you do everything you can control their condition (Tennen, 2007).
Currently, there is evidence that more than 20 regions of the genome that may be involved in genetic susceptibility to diabetes 1. The genes strongly associated with the disease are HLA class II (ie HLA-DR, DQ and DP). IDDM1. The HLA class II, also known as IDDM1 contribute approximately 40-50% risk of inheritance of T1D (Hirschhorn et al., 2003).
It was found that diabetes is diagnosed between ages 0-20 were more family members with diabetes. From long been known that type two diabetes is partly hereditary. Family studies have shown that first-degree relatives of people with 'type II diabetes are about 3 times more likely to develop disease that people with no family history of disease (Flores et al., 2003, Hansen, 2003; Gloyne 2003).
Antioxidants reduce hypertension and the rate of increase consumption of vegetables. On the 54 of the 37 who consume large amounts of vegetables, not reported as anti-hypertensive and 17 other people. This simple statement shows that these vegetables help the body to reduce the risk of hypertension.
Studies on oxidative stress, the anti-oxidant, and complications diabetes have demonstrated that oxidative stress is increased and may accelerate the development of complications through the metabolism of glucose and excess acid fat in the case of insulin resistance and diabetes. However, the contribution of oxidative stress, diabetes complications may be tissue-specific especially for microvascular disease that occurs only in patients with diabetes, but not individuals with non-diabetic insulin resistance, although Both groups suffer from oxidative stress. Although antioxidant treatments can show benefits in animal models of diabetes, evidence of large negative Clinical trials suggest that antioxidants new and more powerful should be studied to demonstrate whether antioxidants can be effective in treating complications. In addition, it appears that oxidative stress is only one factor contributing to complications of diabetes, so the anti-oxidant is likely would be more effective if combined with other treatments for complications of diabetes (www.joslin.harvard.edu).
Workers who are engaged to add more vegetables to your food and eating fruit regularly responded to adequately treat diabetes. This only indicates the sources from vegetables and fruits are good antioxidants, which have a positive effect in patients with diabetes. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis is accepted that antioxidants help fight against diabetes.

Conclusions
Finally, we can say with confidence that "the stress associated with hypertension, stress associated with diabetes, antioxidant may increase the risk of developing hypertension and diabetes. Hypertension and diabetes are inherited these indications are possible because of shelters to test the strength and direction variables and observe the effect of one variable on another, the assumption alternative is now accepted.

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About the Author

The art of creativity is his basic line of work, and course of natural selection is the paramount objective of his living, He love music, mtv, channelo, Nigeria, beautiful ladies He calls the soldierlettes, He loves swimming, He loves climbing great height, He loves quest for new things, He loves games. He says… “Tupac preached the thuglife, 50cent talked about the gangster life and Vaughn is preaching the SOLDIER life”, hence the name: Vaughn D Black General. He has done so many reality shows like the African gladiators in 2000, He also did the Gulder ultimate search in 2005, these shows made Him so popular across Africa, hated and loved by many. He has done so many home videos (movies), beautifully, He has presented so many big tv shows on National tv and all. At the moment He’s doing freestyle around universities and streets at the moment in Nigeria. Av Army Entertainment is his priceless dream and tomorrow you will wake up to know the biggest Entrepreneur in the world’s greatest history. By education He is a Geneticist from the University of Lagos always on top of his class…Too many things to talk about well subsequently he shall upgrade this… Vaughn: I would love to work with any firm, corporation, organization Nationally or internationally that would love to do business on a high class. last words, “take it or leave it Vaughn is a general”(smiles) till i meet you tomorrow peace!

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